Abstract
Complex formation between CuII and the common environmental ligands Cl-, OH-, CO32-, SO42-, and PO43- can have a significant effect on CuII speciation in natural waters with low concentrations of organic matter. Copper(II) complexes are labile, so the CuII distribution amongst these inorganic ligands can be estimated by numerical modeling if reliable values for the relevant stability (formation) constants are available. This paper provides a critical review of such constants and related thermodynamic data. It recommends values of log10βp,q,r° valid at Im = 0 mol kg-1 and 25 °C (298.15 K), along with the equations and specific ion interaction coefficients required to calculate log10βp,q,r values at higher ionic strengths. Some values for reaction enthalpies, ΔrHm, are also reported where available. In weakly acidic fresh water systems, in the absence of organic ligands, CuII speciation is dominated by the species Cu2+(aq), with CuSO4(aq) as a minor species. In seawater, it is dominated by CuCO3(aq), with Cu(OH)+, Cu2+(aq), CuCl+, Cu(CO3)OH-, Cu(OH)2(aq), and Cu(CO3)22- as minor species. In weakly acidic saline systems, it is dominated by Cu2+(aq) and CuCl+, with CuSO4(aq) and CuCl2(aq) as minor species.
Project Year: 1999, Project Code: 1999-050-1-500
References
1. F. Kohlrausch, E. Gruneisen. Sitzungsber. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1215 (1904).Search in Google Scholar
2. doi:10.1021/ja01951a006, E. E. Free. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 30, 1366 (1908).Search in Google Scholar
3. A. Allmand. J. Chem. Soc. 95, 2151 (1909).10.1039/CT9099502151Search in Google Scholar
4. doi:10.1021/ja02205a013, A. A. Noyes, K. G. Falk. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 34, 454 (1912).Search in Google Scholar
5. C. Kullgren. Z. Phys. Chem. 85, 466 (1913).10.1515/zpch-1913-8518Search in Google Scholar
6. E. Muller. Z. Phys. Chem. 105, 73 (1923).Search in Google Scholar
7. K. Jellinek, H. Gordon. Z. Phys. Chem. 112, 207 (1924).Search in Google Scholar
8. C. W. Davies. Trans. Faraday Soc. 23, 351 (1927).Search in Google Scholar
9. doi:10.1039/jr9350000168, H. Britton, M. Jarrett. J. Chem. Soc. 168 (1935).Search in Google Scholar
10. doi:10.1021/ja01301a054, L. McDowell, H. Johnston. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 58, 2009 (1936).Search in Google Scholar
11. J. Cranston, H. Brown. J. Royal Tech. Coll. Glasgow 4, 54 (1937).Search in Google Scholar
12. M. Quintin. Compt. Rend. 204, 968 (1937).Search in Google Scholar
13. doi:10.1039/jr9380002093, C. W. Davies. J. Chem. Soc. 2093 (1938).Search in Google Scholar
14. doi:10.1021/ja01279a068, B. Owen, R. Gurry. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 60b, 3074 (1938).Search in Google Scholar
15. Y. Oka. J. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 59, 971 (1938).10.1246/nikkashi1921.59.971Search in Google Scholar
16. H. Hagisawa. Bull. Inst. P. C. Res. Tokyo 18, 260, 368, 648 (1939).Search in Google Scholar
17. K. Pedersen. Kgl. Danske Vid. S. Medd. 20, 7 (1943).Search in Google Scholar
18. doi:10.1002/hlca.19440270195, W. Feitknecht. Helv. Chim. Acta 27, 771 (1944).Search in Google Scholar
19. J. Mercadie. Compte Rend. 221, 581 (1945).Search in Google Scholar
20. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.01-0631, F. Graner, L. Sillen. Acta Chem. Scand. 1, 631 (1947).Search in Google Scholar
21. S. Fronaeus. Komplexsystem Hos Kopper, p. 139, Gleerupska Univ. Bokhandeln, Lund (1948).Search in Google Scholar
22. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.03-0179, R. Nasanen. Acta Chem. Scand. 3, 179 (1949).Search in Google Scholar
23. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.03-0959, R. Nasanen. Acta Chem. Scand. 3, 959 (1949).Search in Google Scholar
24. doi:10.1021/ja01174a027, R. Nasanen, V. Tamminen. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 71, 1994 (1949).Search in Google Scholar
25. N. Akselrud, Y. Fialkov. Ukr. Khim. Zh. 16, 283 (1950).Search in Google Scholar
26. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.04-0072, S. Fronaeus. Acta Chem. Scand. 4, 72 (1950).Search in Google Scholar
27. H. McConnell, N. Davidson. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 72, 3164, 3168 (1950).10.1021/ja01163a100Search in Google Scholar
28. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.05-0013, R. Nasanen, P. Lumme. Acta Chem. Scand. 5, 13 (1951).Search in Google Scholar
29. doi:10.1039/tf9514700656, P. A. H. Wyatt. Trans. Faraday Soc. 47, 656 (1951).Search in Google Scholar
30. doi:10.1021/ja01138a505, D. Berg, A. Patterson. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 74, 4704 (1952).Search in Google Scholar
31. doi:10.1021/ja01140a019, S. Chaberik, R. Courtney, A. Martell. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 74, 5057 (1952).Search in Google Scholar
32. W. M. Latimer. Oxidation Potentials, 2nd ed., Prentice Hall, New York (1952).10.1097/00010694-195210000-00019Search in Google Scholar
33. R. Nasanen. Suomen Kem. 26B, 67 (1953).Search in Google Scholar
34. S. Shchukarev, L. Lilich, V. Latysheva. Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSSR 91, 273 (1953).Search in Google Scholar
35. G. Dobrokhotov. Zh. Prikl. Khim. 27, 1056 (1954).Search in Google Scholar
36. R. Nasanen, B. Klaile. Suomen Kem. 27B, 50 (1954).Search in Google Scholar
37. P. G. M. Brown, J. E. Prue. Proc. R. Soc. London 232, 320 (1955).10.1098/rspa.1955.0221Search in Google Scholar
38. C. Berecki-Biedermann. Ark. Kemi 9, 175 (1956).Search in Google Scholar
39. doi:10.1039/tf9565200816, W. D. Bale, E. W. Davies, C. B. Monk. Trans. Faraday Soc. 52, 816 (1956).Search in Google Scholar
40. J. Kenttamaa. Suomen Kem. 29B, 59 (1956).Search in Google Scholar
41. S. Sircar, B. Prasad. J. Indian Chem. Soc. 33, 361 (1956).Search in Google Scholar
42. doi:10.1039/df9572400103, W. G. Davies, R. J. Otter, J. E. Prue. Disc. Faraday Soc. 24, 103 (1957).Search in Google Scholar
43. doi:10.1021/ja01573a008, D. Leussing, R. Hansen. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79, 4270 (1957).Search in Google Scholar
44. doi:10.1139/v57-177, J. F. Scaife. Can. J. Chem. 35, 1332 (1957).Search in Google Scholar
45. F. Achenza. Ann. Chim. (Italy) 48, 565 (1958).Search in Google Scholar
46. P. Barton, P. Bethke. Econ. Geol. 53, 914 (1958).Search in Google Scholar
47. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.12-1323, J. Kenttamaa. Acta Chem. Scand. 12, 1323 (1958).Search in Google Scholar
48. J. F. B. Silman. Ph.D Thesis, Harvard University (1958).Search in Google Scholar
49. J. Faucherre, Y. Bonnaire. Comptes Rend. 248, 3705 (1959).Search in Google Scholar
50. R. A. Robinson, R. H. Stokes. Electrolyte Solutions, 2nd ed., Butterworths, London (1959).Search in Google Scholar
51. doi:10.1021/j150577a003, F. J. C. Rossotti, H. Rossotti. J. Phys. Chem. 63, 1041 (1959).Search in Google Scholar
52. P. Barton, P. Bethke. Am. J. Sci. A21, 258 (1960).Search in Google Scholar
53. doi:10.1039/jr9600003189, D. Perrin. J. Chem. Soc. 3189 (1960).Search in Google Scholar
54. doi:10.1139/v60-248, M. Lister, P. Rosenblum. Can. J. Chem. 38, 1827 (1960).Search in Google Scholar
55. V. G. Chukhlantsev, K. V. Alyamovskaya. Izv. Vyssh. Ucheb. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 4, 706 (1961).Search in Google Scholar
56. doi:10.1149/1.2428129, A. Patterson, H. Freitag. J. Electrochem. Soc. 108, 529 (1961).Search in Google Scholar
57. doi:10.1021/j100814a033, G. Atkinson, M. Yokoi. J. Phys. Chem. 84, 1520 (1962).Search in Google Scholar
58. C. W. Davies. Ion Association, Butterworths, London (1962).Search in Google Scholar
59. M. Eigen, K. Tamm. Z. Elektrochem. 66, 93 (1962).Search in Google Scholar
60. doi:10.1039/jr9620002672, D. Morris, E. Short. J. Chem. Soc. 2662, 2672 (1962).Search in Google Scholar
61. doi:10.1351/pac196306020125, W. Feitknecht, P. W. Schindler. Pure Appl. Chem. 6, 130 (1963).Search in Google Scholar
62. F. Achenza. Ann. Chim. (Rome) 54, 240 (1964).10.2307/298710Search in Google Scholar
63. E. Ganelina. Zh. Prikl. Khim. 37, 1358 (1964).Search in Google Scholar
64. doi:10.1021/ic50015a037, R. E. Hester, R. A. Plane. Inorg. Chem. 3, 769 (1964).Search in Google Scholar
65. H. Wenger. Dissertation, Zurich (1964).Search in Google Scholar
66. doi:10.1002/hlca.19650480528, P. Schindler, H. Althaus, F. Hofer, W. Minder. Helv. Chim. Acta 48, 1204 (1965).Search in Google Scholar
67. doi:10.1021/j100889a017, R. A. Matheson. J. Phys. Chem. 69, 1537 (1965).Search in Google Scholar
68. R. Pottel. Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem. 5, 363 (1965).Search in Google Scholar
69. doi:10.1246/bcsj.38.984, N. Tanaka, Y. Saito, H. Ogino. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 38, 984 (1965).Search in Google Scholar
70. M. Yokoi, E. Kubota. J. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 86, 894 (1965).Search in Google Scholar
71. doi:10.1139/v66-256, M. Kennedy, M. Lister. Can. J. Chem. 44, 1709 (1966).Search in Google Scholar
72. G. H. Nancollas. Interactions in Electrolyte Solutions, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1966).Search in Google Scholar
73. H. Sigel, K. Becker, D. McCormick. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 148, 655 (1967).Search in Google Scholar
74. S. Mahapatra, R. Subrahmanya. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 65, 283 (1967).Search in Google Scholar
75. R. Arnek, C. Patel. Acta Chem. Scand. 22, 1097, 1102 (1968).10.3891/acta.chem.scand.22-1102Search in Google Scholar
76. R. Bury. J. Chim. Phys. 65, 1494 (1968).10.1051/jcp/1968651494Search in Google Scholar
77. doi:10.1021/j100858a008, P. Hemmes, S. Petrucci. J. Phys. Chem. 72, 3986 (1968).Search in Google Scholar
78. E. Kriss, K. Yatsimirskii. Zh. Neorg. Khim. 13, 2370 (1223) (1968).Search in Google Scholar
79. V. E. Mironov, Y. A. Makashev, I. Y. Mavrina, D. M. Markhaeva. Russ. J. Phys. Chem. 42, 1592 (1968).Search in Google Scholar
80. B. Prasad. J. Indian Chem. Soc. 45, 1037 (1968).Search in Google Scholar
81. V. Spivakovskii, G. Makovskaya. Zh. Neorg. Khim. 13, 1555 (1968).Search in Google Scholar
82. doi:10.1002/hlca.19680510805, P. Schindler, M. Reinert, H. Gamsjager. Helv. Chim. Acta 51, 1845 (1968).Search in Google Scholar
83. M. Yokoi, Y. Mori, E. Kubota, K. Murata. Nippon Kagaku Zasshi 89, 1192 (1968).10.1246/nikkashi1948.89.12_1192Search in Google Scholar
84. F. Becker, R. Grundmann. Z. Phys. Chem. (Frankfurt) 66, 137 (1969).10.1524/zpch.1969.66.1_3.137Search in Google Scholar
85. F. Fromage, S. Fiorina. Comptes Rend. 268C, 1511 (1969).Search in Google Scholar
86. A. W. Gardner, E. Glueckauf. Proc. R. Soc. London A 313, 131 (1969).10.1098/rspa.1969.0184Search in Google Scholar
87. H. Helgeson. Am. J. Sci. 267, 729 (1969).10.2475/ajs.267.7.729Search in Google Scholar
88. doi:10.1039/j19690000047, R. M. Izatt, D. Eatough, J. J. Christensen, C. H. Bartholomew. J. Chem. Soc. A 47 (1969).Search in Google Scholar
89. D. Singh, A. Mishra. Indian J. Chem. 7, 1219 (1969).Search in Google Scholar
90. V. M. Vdovenko, O. B. Stebunov. Radiokhimiya 11, 635 (1969).Search in Google Scholar
91. R. Arnek. Ark. Kemi 32, 55 (1970).10.2307/4442905Search in Google Scholar
92. doi:10.1063/1.1673426, A. Bechtler, K. G. Breitschwerdt, K. Tamm. J. Chem. Phys. 52, 2975 (1970).Search in Google Scholar
93. V. V. Blokhin, G. K. Ragulin, V. F. Anufrienko, Y. A. Makashev, V. E. Mironov. Zh. Fiz. Khim. 44, 1512 (1970).Search in Google Scholar
94. doi:10.1021/ic50093a017, C. Childs. Inorg. Chem. 9, 2465 (1970).Search in Google Scholar
95. F. Fittipaldi, P. Hemmes, S. Petrucc. Acustica 23, 322 (1970).Search in Google Scholar
96. doi:10.1063/1.1673292, K. Fritsch, C. J. Montrose, J. L. Hunter, J. F. Dill. J. Chem. Phys. 52, 2242 (1970).Search in Google Scholar
97. doi:10.1002/hlca.19700530126, A. Gubeli, J. Hebert, P. Cote, R. Taillon. Helv. Chim. Acta 53, 186 (1970).Search in Google Scholar
98. doi:10.1021/j100697a038, P. Hemmes, S. Petrucci. J. Phys. Chem. 74, 467 (1970).Search in Google Scholar
99. doi:10.1246/bcsj.43.3155, H. Kakihana, T. Amaya, M. Maeda. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 43, 3155 (1970).Search in Google Scholar
100. doi:10.1021/j100712a016, J. W. Larson. J. Phys. Chem. 74, 3392 (1970).Search in Google Scholar
101. V. E. Mironov, Y. A. Makashev, I. Y. Mavrina, M. M. Kryzhanovskii. Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. 15, 668 (1970).Search in Google Scholar
102. L. G. Sillen, B. Warnqvist. Ark. Kemi 31, 377 (1970).10.5860/crl_31_06_377Search in Google Scholar
103. doi:10.1016/0013-4686(71)85036-3, E. M. Hanna, A. D. Pethybridge, J. E. Prue. Electrochim. Acta 16, 677 (1971).Search in Google Scholar
104. M. M. Kryzhanovskii, Y. A. Volokhov, L. N. Pavlov, N. I. Eremin, V. E. Mironov. Zh. Prikl. Khim. 44, 476 (1971) (Eng. Transl. p. 484).Search in Google Scholar
105. Y. A. Makashev, F. Y. Kul'ba, M. I. Agaf, Y. A. Volokhov, V. E. Mironov, Russ. J. Phys. Chem. 45, 414 (1971).Search in Google Scholar
106. doi:10.1016/0043-1354(71)90049-2, M. J. Stiff. Water Res. 5, 171 (1971).Search in Google Scholar
107. doi:10.1021/ac60310a010, S. Cabani, P. Giann. Anal. Chem. 44, 253 (1972).Search in Google Scholar
108. doi:10.1246/bcsj.45.1735, H. Ohtaki, T. Kawai. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 45, 1735 (1972).Search in Google Scholar
109. doi:10.1039/f29726800101, K. S. Pitzer. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 2 68, 101 (1972).Search in Google Scholar
110. J. M. Austin, A. D. Mair; unpublished observations, cited in [73HPa].Search in Google Scholar
111. doi:10.1039/dt9730001247, M. Hutchinson, W. Higginson. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1247 (1973).Search in Google Scholar
112. doi:10.1039/dt9730000798, G. R. Hedwig, H. K. J. Powell. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 798 (1973).Search in Google Scholar
113. T. Nozaki, T. Mise, K. Torri. Nippon Kagaku Kaishi 2003 (1973).Search in Google Scholar
114. N. Parthasarathy, J. Buffle, J. Landry, C. Birraux, J. Monn, M. Arigo, W. Herdi. Chimia 27, 368 (1973).Search in Google Scholar
115. doi:10.1039/dt9730001947, H. K. J. Powell. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1947 (1973).Search in Google Scholar
116. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(73)80200-3, S. Ramamoorthy, P. G. Manning. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 35, 1279 (1973).Search in Google Scholar
117. M. Schwing-Weill. Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr. 823 (1973).Search in Google Scholar
118. V. V. Blokhin, L. I. Razmyslova, Y. A. Makashev, V. E. Mironov. Russ. J. Phys. Chem. 48, 82 (1974).Search in Google Scholar
119. V. Blokhin, L. Razmyslova. Zh. Fiz. Khim. 48, 469 (275) (1974).Search in Google Scholar
120. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(74)80136-3, S. Ramamoorthy, P. G. Manning. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 36, 695 (1974).Search in Google Scholar
121. doi:10.1016/0043-1354(75)90125-6, R. Ernst, H. E. Allen, K. H. Mancy. Water Res. 9, 969 (1975).Search in Google Scholar
122. doi:10.1021/ic50146a040, C.-T. Lin, D. Rorabacher, G. Cayley, D. Margerum. Inorg. Chem. 14, 919 (1975).Search in Google Scholar
123. doi:10.1246/bcsj.48.705, R. Tamamushi. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 48, 705 (1975).Search in Google Scholar
124. doi:10.1246/bcsj.48.2719, H. Yokoyama, H. Yamatera. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 48, 2719 (1975).Search in Google Scholar
125. doi:10.1016/0040-6031(76)80024-X, G. Arena, R. Cali, E. Rizzarelli, S. Sammartano. Thermochim. Acta 16, 315 (1976).Search in Google Scholar
126. T. N. Koneva, V. A. Fedorov. Zh. Neorg. Khim. 21, 616 (1976).Search in Google Scholar
127. doi:10.1021/ic50163a041, M. Khan, M. Schwing-Weill. Inorg. Chem. 15, 2202 (1976).Search in Google Scholar
128. G. Scatchard. Equilibrium in Solution: Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Harvard University Press, Cambridge (1976).Search in Google Scholar
129. K. G. Ashurst, R. D. Hancock. Report No. 1914, Natl. Inst. Metall. South Africa, Randburg, pp. 1-25 (1977).Search in Google Scholar
130. doi:10.1039/dt9770001701, K. G. Ashurst, R. D. Hancock. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1701 (1977).Search in Google Scholar
131. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.31a-0673, J. Bjerrum, L. Skibsted. Acta Chem. Scand. A31, 673 (1977).Search in Google Scholar
132. T. N. Koneva, V. A. Fedorov, G. L. Trofimov. Russ. J. Phys. Chem. 51, 470 (1977).Search in Google Scholar
133. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.31a-0729, S. Sjoberg. Acta Chem. Scand. A31, 729 (1977).Search in Google Scholar
134. K. Shimizu, N. Tsuchihashi, Y. Kondo. Rev. Phys. Chem. Jpn. 47, 80 (1977).Search in Google Scholar
135. Y. Vandewalle, J. Nicole. Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr. 593, 829 (1977).Search in Google Scholar
136. doi:10.1016/0039-9140(78)80165-9, M. Wozniak, G. Nowogrocki. Talanta 25, 643 (1978).Search in Google Scholar
137. doi:10.1016/S0003-2670(01)83711-9, C. van den Berg, J. Kramer. Anal. Chim. Acta 106, 113 (1979).Search in Google Scholar
138. J.-F. Gal, C. Calleri, L. Elegant, M. Azzaro. Bull. Chim. Soc. Fr. I 311 (1979).Search in Google Scholar
139. doi:10.1039/dt9790000232, R. Sylva, M. Davidson. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 232 (1979).Search in Google Scholar
140. doi:10.1021/ac50049a021, R. Stella, M. T. Ganzerli-Valentini. Anal. Chem. 51, 2148 (1979).Search in Google Scholar
141. W. G. Sunda, P. J. Hanson. ACS Symposium Series 93, 147 (1979).10.1021/bk-1979-0093.ch008Search in Google Scholar
142. R. Nayan. Indian J. Chem. 19A, 786 (1980)Search in Google Scholar
143. A. J. Paulson, D. R. Kester. J. Solution Chem. 9, 4, 269 (1980).10.1007/BF00644552Search in Google Scholar
144. doi:10.1039/dt9810000245, K. Ashurst, R. Hancock. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 245 (1981).Search in Google Scholar
145. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(81)80398-3, R. Aruga. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 43, 1859 (1981).Search in Google Scholar
146. doi:10.1351/pac198153071301, R. Wachter, K. Riederer. Pure Appl. Chem. 53, 1301 (1981).Search in Google Scholar
147. doi:10.1246/bcsj.54.2286, H. Yokoyama, H.Yamatera. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 54, 2286 (1981).Search in Google Scholar
148. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.36a-0015, R. Arnek, I. Puigdomenech, M. Valiente. Acta Chem. Scand. A36, 15 (1982).Search in Google Scholar
149. K. Burkov, E. Bus'ko, L. Lilich, I. Ivanova. Zh. Neorg. Khim. 27, 1455 (819) (1982).Search in Google Scholar
150. doi:10.1021/j100216a024, A. Dadgar, D. Khorsandi, G. Atkinson. J. Phys. Chem. 86, 3829 (1982).Search in Google Scholar
151. Z. Wu, S. Lin. Acta Chim. Sin. 407 (1982).Search in Google Scholar
152. doi:10.1139/v83-047, V. H. Acevedo, J. A. De Moran, L. A. Sales. Can. J. Chem. 61, 267 (1983).Search in Google Scholar
153. doi:10.1007/BF01150850, R. Byrne, C. V.-D. Weijden. J. Solution Chem. 12, 581 (1983).Search in Google Scholar
154. doi:10.1021/ic00164a029, R. Ramette, G. Fan. Inorg. Chem. 22, 3323 (1983).Search in Google Scholar
155. doi:10.1016/0304-4203(83)90015-4, R. W. Zuchlke, D. R. Kester. Mar. Chem. 13, 203 (1983).Search in Google Scholar
156. doi:10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85533-6, J. Gulens, K. Leeson, L. Seguin. Anal. Chim. Acta 156, 19 (1984).Search in Google Scholar
157. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(84)90218-7, J. Symes, D. Kester. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 48, 2219 (1984).Search in Google Scholar
158. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.38a-0517, E. Neher-Neumann. Acta Chem. Scand. A38, 517 (1984).Search in Google Scholar
159. doi:10.1016/S0277-5387(00)84127-3, L. Ashton, J. Bullock, P. Simpson. Polyhedron 4, 1323 (1985).Search in Google Scholar
160. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(85)90153-X, R. H. Byrne, W. L. Miller. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 49, 1837 (1985).Search in Google Scholar
161. Q. Liu, M. Yang. Acta Chim. Sin. 43, 126 (1985).Search in Google Scholar
162. doi:10.1007/BF00620620, C. Rigano, A. De Robertis, S. Sammartano. Transition Met. Chem. 10, 1 (1985).Search in Google Scholar
163. N. Schmelzer, M. Grigo, B. Zorn, J. Einfeldt. Naturwiss. 34, 25 (1985).Search in Google Scholar
164. doi:10.1016/0304-4203(85)90061-1, J. Symes, D. Kester. Mar. Chem. 16, 189 (1985).Search in Google Scholar
165. C. F. Baes, R. E. Mesmer. The Hydrolysis of Cations, R. E. Krieger, Malabar, FL (1986).Search in Google Scholar
166. T. P. Dirkse (Ed.). IUPAC Solubility Data Series, Vol. 23, Copper, silver, gold, and zinc, cadmium, mercury oxides, and hydroxides, Pergamon, Oxford (1986).10.1016/B978-0-08-032497-5.50015-9Search in Google Scholar
167. doi:10.1021/ic00234a044, R.W. Ramette. Inorg. Chem. 25, 2481 (1986).Search in Google Scholar
168. L. N. Varyash. Geochem. Int. 23, 82 (1985).10.1109/MCOM.1985.1092477Search in Google Scholar
169. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.41a-0328, J. Bjerrum. Acta Chem. Scand. A41, 328 (1987).Search in Google Scholar
170. F. A. Cotton, G. Wilkinson. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, John Wiley, New York (1988).Search in Google Scholar
171. M. Iuliano, R. Porto, E. Vasca. Ann. Chim. (Rome) 79, 439 (1989).Search in Google Scholar
172. S. Mallick, B. Behera, S. Rath. J. Electrochem. Soc. India 38, 203 (1989).Search in Google Scholar
173. A. L. Soli, R. H. Byrne. Limnol. Oceanogr. 34, 239 (1989).Search in Google Scholar
174. L. Guo, C.-Y. Liang, J.-Z. Yang, Q.-T. Liu. J. Coord. Chem. 21, 43 (1990).Search in Google Scholar
175. S. A. Stepanchikova, G. R. Kolonin, P. T. Sherembaeva, G. P. Shironosova. Izv. Sib. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Khim. Nauk 6, 96 (1990).Search in Google Scholar
176. S. A. Stepanchikova, K. G. Morgunov. Izv. Sib. Otd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Khim. Nauk 6, 101 (1990).Search in Google Scholar
177. doi:10.1016/0378-3812(90)85127-V, S. Wasylkiewicz. Fluid Phase Equilib. 57, 277 (1990).Search in Google Scholar
178. doi:10.1002/elan.1140030210, M. Correia dos Santos, M. Simoes Goncalves. Electroanalysis 3, 131 (1991).Search in Google Scholar
179. K. S. Pitzer. In Activity Coefficients in Electrolyte Solutions, 2nd ed., K. S. Pitzer (Ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton (1991).Search in Google Scholar
180. J. Barthel, H. Hetzenauer, R. Buchner. Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem. 96, 1424 (1992).Search in Google Scholar
181. I. Grenthe, J. Fuger, R. J. M. Konings, R. J. Lemire, A. B. Muller, C. Nguyen-Trung, H. Wanner. Chemical Thermodynamics of Uranium, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1992).Search in Google Scholar
182. doi:10.1021/ja00042a004, A. Odani, H. Masuda, K. Inukai, O. Yamauchi. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114, 6294 (1992).Search in Google Scholar
183. doi:10.1007/BF00647007, S. E. Ziemniak, M. E. Jones, K. S. E. Combs. J. Solution Chem. 21, 179 (1992).Search in Google Scholar
184. L. Ciavatta, M. Iuliano, R. Porto. Ann. Chim. (Rome) 83, 19 (1993).Search in Google Scholar
185. F. M. M. Morel, J. G. Hering. Principles and Applications of Aquatic Chemistry, John Wiley, New York (1993).Search in Google Scholar
186. doi:10.1021/je00013a013, M. S. K. Niazi, M. Hussain. J. Chem. Eng. Data 39, 48 (1994).Search in Google Scholar
187. doi:10.1016/S0277-5387(00)83668-2, E. Norkus, A. Vaskelis. Polyhedron 13, 3041 (1994).Search in Google Scholar
188. H. Srivastava, D. Tiwari. Indian J. Chem. 34A, 550 (1995).Search in Google Scholar
189. doi:10.1016/0277-5387(96)00085-X, M. Fernandez-Trujillo, B. Szpoganicz. Polyhedron 15, 3511 (1996).Search in Google Scholar
190. doi:10.1007/s007750050048, A. Saha, N. Saha, L.-N. Ji, J. Zhao, F. Gregan, S. A. A. Sajadi, B. Song, H. Sigel. J. Biol. Inorg. Chem. 1, 231 (1996).Search in Google Scholar
191. doi:10.1016/S0039-9140(97)00075-1, A. De Robertis, C. De Stefano, C. Foti, G. Signorino. Talanta 44, 1839 (1997).Search in Google Scholar
192. I. Grenthe, A. V. Plyasunov, K. Spahiu. In Modelling in Aqueous Chemistry, I. Grenthe, I. Puigdomenech (Eds.), pp. 325-426, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris (1997).Search in Google Scholar
193. J. Inczedy, T. Lengyel, A. M. Ure. IUPAC Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature. Definitive Rules 1997, 3rd ed., Chap. 3, Blackwell Science, Oxford (1997).Search in Google Scholar
194. doi:10.1007/BF02767784, F. Malatesta, R. Zamboni. J. Solution Chem. 26, 791 (1997).Search in Google Scholar
195. doi:10.1016/S0304-386X(96)00073-4, N. Plyasunova, M. Wang, Y. Zhang, M. Muhammed. Hydrometallurgy 45, 37 (1997).Search in Google Scholar
196. doi:10.1016/S0304-386X(96)00074-6, M. Wang, Yu. Zhang, M. Muhammed. Hydrometallurgy 45, 53 (1997).Search in Google Scholar
197. J. Barthel, H. Krienke, W. Kunz. Physical Chemistry of Electrolyte Solutions, Springer, Berlin (1998).Search in Google Scholar
198. L. D. Pettit, K. J. Powell. Sol-Eq, Solution Equilibria; Principles and Applications, Academic Software, Otley, UK (1998).Search in Google Scholar
199. doi:10.1021/jp983706c, R. Buchner, S. G. Capewell, G. T. Hefter, P. M. May. J. Phys. Chem. B 103, 1185 (1999).Search in Google Scholar
200. R. Patel, P. Gokhale, K. Pandeya. J. Indian Chem. Soc. 76, 475 (1999).Search in Google Scholar
201. R. Patel, H. Pandey, K. Pandeya. Indian J. Chem. 38A, 850 (1999).Search in Google Scholar
202. V. Belevantsev, V. Aseeva, A. Ryzhikh. Koord. Khim. 26, 77 (2000).Search in Google Scholar
203. doi:10.1071/CH00011, S. Kratsis, G. T. Hefter, P. M. May, P. Sipos. Australian J. Chem. 53, 363 (2000).Search in Google Scholar
204. G. Mukherjee, H. Sahu. J. Indian Chem. Soc. 77, 209 (2000).Search in Google Scholar
205. doi:10.1021/je990336s, N. G. Tsierkezos, I. E. Molinou. J. Chem. Eng. Data 45, 819 (2000).Search in Google Scholar
206. doi:10.1006/jcht.2002.0928, W. Preis, H. Gamsjager. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 34, 631 (2002).Search in Google Scholar
207. V. E. Zorin, A. Lundin. Zh. Fiz. Khim. 76, 1780 (2002).Search in Google Scholar
208. L. D. Pettit, I. Puigdomenech, H. Wanner, I. Sukhno, V. Buzko. SIT. IUPAC(c) 2003.Search in Google Scholar
209. doi:10.1039/b308951g, W. W. Rudolph, G. Irmer, G. T. Hefter. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 5, 5253 (2003).Search in Google Scholar
210. doi:10.1021/jp034870p, R. Buchner, T. Chen, G. T. Hefter. J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 2365 (2004).Search in Google Scholar
211. doi:10.1016/j.molliq.2004.07.023, M. Bester Rogac, V. Babic, T. M. Perger, R. Neueder, J. Barthel. J. Mol. Liq. 118, 111 (2005).Search in Google Scholar
212. doi:10.1016/j.jct.2004.11.003, L. P. Mendez De Leo, H. L. Bianchi, R. Fernandez-Prini. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 37, 499 (2005).Search in Google Scholar
213. L. D. Pettit, K. J. Powell. SC-Database, IUPAC Stability Constants Database. Release 5, IUPAC, Academic Software, Otley, UK (2005).Search in Google Scholar
214. doi:10.1351/pac200577040739, K. J. Powell, P. L. Brown, R. H. Byrne, T. Gajda, G. Hefter, S Sjoberg, H. Wanner. Pure Appl. Chem. 77, 739 (2005).Search in Google Scholar
215. doi:10.1351/pac200678081571, G. T. Hefter. Pure Appl. Chem. 78, 1571 (2006).Search in Google Scholar
© 2013 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston